Discover Mongolia’s Hiking Trails for Your Next Adventure
Mongolia hiking trails are among the most breathtaking, diverse, and untouched routes in the world. Nestled between Russia and China, Mongolia is a land where time slows down, landscapes stretch endlessly, and beautiful mountains enhance the experience of outdoor activities such as camping and hiking.
From the towering Altai Mountains in the west to the verdant forests and lakes of the north, Hiking in Mongolia is not just a physical challenge but also a cultural and spiritual journey, making it a perfect tour for those seeking an enriching experience.
Whether you’re a seasoned trekker or an aspiring hiker, this comprehensive guide will introduce you to the best Mongolia hiking trails, what to expect, and how to plan the trip of a lifetime.
Why Mongolia Hiking Trails Are a Hidden Gem
When people think of world-class hiking destinations, Mongolia might not be the first country that comes to mind. Yet, Mongolia offers a wide range of hiking trails that rival the best in the world, often frequented by few people, allowing for a more intimate experience with nature .
The combination of remote wilderness, diverse ecosystems, and cultural richness makes hiking in Mongolia an unforgettable experience, especially within its national parks . Camels, alongside other livestock, are often used for transporting gear during treks, easing the burden of carrying equipment across challenging terrains.
As a Mongolian proverb says, “The journey is the reward,” emphasizing the importance of embracing the natural beauty and unpredictability of the adventure.
Mongolia Offers More Than Just Landscapes
The beauty of Mongolia hiking trails lies not only in the scenery but in the experience. Mongolia offers a chance to disconnect from the digital world and reconnect with nature.
Here are a few reasons why Mongolia should be your next trekking destination:
- Untouched Nature: Unlike many over-touristed hiking spots, most Mongolia hiking trails see few people. This means you’ll often have entire valleys, peaks, or lakes to yourself. The excitement of exploring Mongolia’s vast and pristine landscapes adds to the allure of trekking here.
- Cultural Encounters: Hiking in Mongolia is more than a physical trek; it’s a cultural one. Meeting Mongolian nomads, staying in gers (yurts), and sharing meals with herder families adds depth to your adventure.
- Variety of Terrain: From steep climbs in the Altai Mountains to easy walks in forested river valleys, there’s something for every skill level. Camels are often used to carry equipment through challenging terrains where vehicles cannot access.
- Four Seasons of Beauty: Mongolia hiking trails offer unique charm year-round. Summer is ideal for alpine meadows; autumn transforms the forests into gold; spring brings blooming wildflowers; and winter showcases snow-covered silence.
Top Mongolia Hiking Trails by Region
1. Altai Tavan Bogd National Park – Western Mongolia Altai mountains
Located near the Russian border, Altai Tavan Bogd is the crown jewel of Mongolia hiking trails. This national park encompasses towering peaks, ancient petroglyphs, and massive glaciers.
- Highlights: Khüiten Peak (the highest in Mongolia), Potanin Glacier, Shiveet Khairkhan Mountain, and visits to Kazakh eagle hunters.
- Landscape: High mountains, alpine lakes, rivers, and steep terrain.
- Adventure Level: Moderate to challenging, especially at higher altitudes.
- Camping: You must carry your own tent and sleeping bag, as facilities are limited. Setting up camp in remote areas can be challenging due to cold weather and pesky mosquitoes. Gear is often carried with the help of camels, especially from the trailhead to basecamp.
- Special Note: A border permit is required due to its proximity to Russia and China.
2. Khangai Mountains and the Orkhon Valley – Central Mongolia
The Khangai Mountains offer a lush contrast to the rocky west. These trails pass through forests, volcanic craters, river valleys, and hot springs.
The Orkhon River area is particularly rich in history and natural beauty, making it a notable national park to visit .
- Highlights: Orkhon Valley UNESCO site, Tuvkhun Monastery, and Eight Lakes region.
- Landscape: Rolling hills, rivers, pine forests, and clear lakes.
- Adventure Level: Moderate, ideal for longer treks with pack horses.
- Camping & Logistics: Many treks involve local guides and horseback support.
- Cultural Tip: Respect nomadic camps and always ask before taking photos.
3. Lake Khovsgol National Park – Northern Mongolia
Often called the “Blue Pearl of Mongolia,” Lake Khovsgol is a paradise for hiking, camping, and nature lovers. This national park features pristine forests, flower-filled alpine meadows, and clear trails.
- Highlights: Reindeer herders (Tsaatan people), Mongolian wildlife, and untouched wilderness.
- Landscape: Dense forest, crystal lakes, mountains, and soft terrain. Experience the adventure of camping in the middle of nowhere, surrounded by the vast, untouched beauty of nature.
- Adventure Level: Easy to moderate.
- Camping: Plenty of scenic lakeside spots. Be prepared for cold temperatures at night.
- Best Season: Summer and early autumn.
4. Gorkhi-Terelj National Park – Near the Capital City
Just a short drive from Ulaanbaatar, this national park is perfect for a quick escape into nature. Its iconic rock formations and tranquil valleys make it a favorite among locals and travelers alike.
- Highlights: Turtle Rock, Aryabal Meditation Temple, and scenic hiking trails. Visiting the park offers a unique blend of adventure and cultural discovery.
- Landscape: Mixed forest, granite cliffs, and river valleys. The west side of the park provides stunning scenic views of lakes and mountain ridges.
- Adventure Level: Easy to moderate.
- Tips: Combine your hike with a cultural visit to the Chinggis Khan Statue Complex.
5. Gobi Desert – Southern Mongolia
Yes, the Gobi Desert has hiking too! Though more arid and rugged, the desert offers unique treks across sand dunes, rocky canyons, and fossil-rich cliffs.
- Highlights: Khongoryn Els dunes, Flaming Cliffs, Yolyn Am gorge.
- Landscape: Dry, open land, steep rocky paths, and desert flora. The desert is located to the south of Ulaanbaatar, adding to its remote and vast appeal.
- Adventure Level: Moderate. Be prepared for changing weather and temperature extremes. Expect to spend on transportation and experienced guides to navigate the challenging terrain.
- Essentials: Bring a wide-brimmed hat, extra water, and a lightweight sleeping bag.
Planning Your Mongolia Hiking Trip
Best Time to Hike
The best time to explore Mongolia hiking trails is from June to September. The weather is generally mild, and most trails are accessible.
July and August offer the warmest temperatures, while early September brings fewer tourists and golden foliage.
What to Pack
Packing for a hiking trip in Mongolia requires thoughtful preparation. You’ll need to carry everything on foot or by horse in remote areas.
- Hiking Boots: Waterproof and well-broken-in.
- Clothing: Layers, including thermal and windproof gear.
- Sleeping Bag: Rated for -5 to -10°C nights, even in summer.
- Backpack: 50-70L with a rain cover.
- Camping Gear: Tent, stove, utensils.
- Navigation: Maps, GPS, or a mountain guide.
- Permits: Required in some national parks and border areas.
Guided Tour vs Independent Trek
- Guided Trekking Tours: Great for those new to Mongolia. Includes transport, camping, and a mountain guide.
- Independent Hiking: Offers more freedom but requires strong planning and navigation skills.
- Hybrid: Hire a guide for just a few days to help navigate harder terrain.
Mongolian Culture and Trail Etiquette
Respecting Nature and People
Mongolia is a place where people and nature coexist harmoniously. As you travel across Mongolia hiking trails, you may encounter families tending to livestock, herding yaks, sheep, and goats.
- Always ask before entering a ger or taking photos.
- Leave No Trace: Carry out all trash.
- Fire Safety: Only make fires in designated areas.
- Buy Local: Support Mongolian nomads by purchasing handmade items or hiring local guides.
Language Tips
While English is spoken in tourist centers, knowing a few Mongolian phrases will enrich your experience:
- Sain baina uu (Hello)
- Bayarlalaa (Thank you)
- Tsaagan hool bna uu? (Is there white food? Used to ask for dairy products.)
Mongolia Hiking Trails: A Trail for Every Adventurer
Whether you prefer climbing high peaks or strolling through alpine meadows, Mongolia hiking trails have something for everyone. Here are some sample trails by difficulty:
Don’t miss the unique trekking routes and stunning landscapes that Mongolia has to offer.
Easy Trails:
- Turtle Rock to Aryabal Temple (Terelj)
- Lake Khovsgol Lakeside Trail
Moderate Trails:
- Orkhon Valley Loop (Khangai Mountains)
- Yolyn Am Gorge (Gobi Desert)
- East to West Khovsgol Ridge Trail
Challenging Treks:
- Khüiten Peak Summit Trail (Altai Tavan Bogd)
- Eight Lakes Trek (Khangai)
- Potanin Glacier Circuit
Each trail offers a chance to immerse in Mongolia’s wild heart. Be it crossing a freezing river, climbing a wind-blown mountain, or stargazing after a long day’s journey, the memories you make will last a lifetime.
Weather and Trail Conditions
Mongolia’s weather can change rapidly. Even in summer, snow can fall in the mountains. Always be prepared with extra layers, gloves, and a hat.
During spring and autumn, expect cold nights and clear trails with fewer hikers.
Real Stories from the Trail
Sarah, 32, from Canada: “I spent two weeks hiking in the Khangai Mountains, and I barely saw another traveler. My guide helped me understand the history of the land, and I even stayed with a family of Mongolian nomads.”
Tenzin, 27, from India: “The Altai Mountains were life-changing. The steep paths tested me physically, but every view was worth it. Seeing eagle hunters and hiking to the Russian border was surreal.”
Elise and Marco, from France: “Our favorite part of the trip was camping by Lake Khovsgol. The nights were cold, but the camping experience was magical. We even saw wild deer near our tent. Hiking with friends made the adventure even more memorable.”
Final Thoughts
Mongolia hiking trails offer more than a physical challenge—they offer soul-stirring encounters with nature, culture, and self.
The high mountains, peaceful lakes, vast valleys, and ancient traditions make it a top choice for adventurous travelers.
Whether you’re carrying a pack on foot through forest paths or riding horseback through flower-filled plains, you’ll understand why so many hikers fall in love with this country.
So pack your sleeping bag, gather your courage, and get ready to explore the timeless beauty of Mongolia hiking trails. pack your sleeping bag, gather your courage, and get ready to explore the timeless beauty of Mongolia hiking trails.
